Associated Products
The Persistence of Time: Vernacular Preservation of the Postindustrial Landscape (Article)Title: The Persistence of Time: Vernacular Preservation of the Postindustrial Landscape
Author: Arnold, John
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: Formal historic preservation is a professional and sanctioned approach to the conservation of our historically significant built cultural heritage. Postindustrial landscapes are, by definition, functionally and materially obsolete, and in many cases derelict and decaying. While they hold historical significance, these sites are often not widely perceived as valuable contributors to our heritage. Yet these landscapes persist. We argue that the material persistence of these features is the result of generally unrecognized processes of informal material conservation.
In this paper, we outline a new framework, vernacular preservation, an ontology for heritage professionals to use in considering how to approach and recognize nonformal interventions that result in the protection of heritage resources. Here, we use the postindustrial landscape of Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula—a former copper-mining district—to illustrate how vernacular preservation differs from formal historic preservation, reviewing the process of vernacular preservation and how it is activated in practice.
Vernacular preservation constitutes perhaps the most traditional, common, and widespread mechanism of material conservation of the historical built environment yet has been largely invisible, little discussed, and undertheorized by the heritage preservation community. Understanding this preservation process begins by acknowledging its existence and by extending the heritage dialogue to include these underrepresented historical properties and their important role in defining postindustrial landscapes. We conclude the paper with a discussion on how this novel approach to thinking about preservation extends broadly to the field and should be given greater attention.
Year: 2017
Primary URL:
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/685484Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Change over Time: An International Journal of Conservation and the Built Environment 7(2) (2017): 114-133.
Creating a Longitudinal, Data-Driven 3D Model of Change Over Time in a Postindustrial Landscape Using GIS and CityEngine (Article)Title: Creating a Longitudinal, Data-Driven 3D Model of Change Over Time in a Postindustrial Landscape Using GIS and CityEngine
Author: Arnold, John D. M.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to create a longitudinal data-driven model of change over time in a postindustrial landscape, using the “Copper Country” of Michigan’s Upper Peninsula as a case study. The models resulting from this project will support the heritage management and public education goals of the contemporary communities and Keweenaw National Historical Park that administer this nationally significant mining region through accessible, engaging, and interpretable digital heritage.
Year: 2018
Primary URL:
https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-08-2017-0055/full/htmlFormat: Journal
Periodical Title: Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development
Public Participatory Historical GIS (Article)Title: Public Participatory Historical GIS
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Weidner, Luke
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Pastel, Robert
Author: Williams, Ryan
Abstract: Building historical geographic information system (HGIS) datasets is time consuming and very expensive, especially when built at the scales that permit analysis of the lived experiences of individuals or the morphology of buildings or streets. Further, these datasets are often built exclusively in the academy, with little input from the contemporary communities they represent. In this paper, we review the use of the public in crowdsourcing historical data creation, and using the Keweenaw Time Traveler set in Michigan’s Copper Country as a case study, we call for a new approach to HGIS scholarship that includes a robust public partnership to building HGIS datasets. The creation of a public participatory HGIS approach to HGIS scholarship can increase efficiencies of, public relevance in, and extend the reach of, HGIS projects beyond the academy. We have established a set of best practices that include, incorporating the public in the HGIS interface design, providing immediate public data access, contextualization of spatial data in space-time, comprehensive public history outreach in person and online, and creating affordances for the public to contribute their own historical spatial knowledge through spatial storytelling. Together, these activities can promote the long-term sustainability and success of historical data crowdsourcing projects.
Year: 2019
Primary URL:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01615440.2019.1567418?journalCode=vhim20Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Historical Methods: Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History
Engaging Community and Spatial Humanities for Post-Industrial Heritage: The Keweenaw Time Traveler (Article)Title: Engaging Community and Spatial Humanities for Post-Industrial Heritage: The Keweenaw Time Traveler
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Trepal, Daniel J.
Author: Pastel, Robert
Abstract: The Keweenaw Time Traveler is an interactive, online historical atlas that creates a comprehensive spatial representation of the social and built environments of one of the country's first and largest extractive landscapes. Launched to the public in the summer of 2017, it combines deep mapping with digital public humanities to create a mutually beneficial online tool for researchers and community stakeholders alike. On Michigan's southern shore of Lake Superior, the Keweenaw Peninsula has an abundant built heritage that includes abandoned mine shaft buildings, former company towns, and ethnic community halls. Such sites recall the region's copper mining industry, active between 1860 and 1950, and demonstrate to tourists and residents alike the need to address the social and environmental impacts of deindustrialization. Our interdisciplinary team of researchers at Michigan Technological University is building the Keweenaw Time Traveler to empower citizens, municipal officials, and tourists, as well as academic researchers, to gain and share knowledge about this region's changing built and social environments, and to help a postindustrial community leverage its own past toward a healthier, more prosperous future.
Year: 2018
Primary URL:
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/704345Format: Journal
Periodical Title: American Quarterly
Working with the Public in Historical Data Creation (Article)Title: Working with the Public in Historical Data Creation
Author: Southall, Humphrey
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: Historians engage with the nonacademic public in diverse ways, from blogging their research, to public-friendly periodicals, to the art and practice of public historians. Within this special issue we present another way to engage with the broader public, through the shared creation of historical data. The four papers in this special issue arise from a session on historical crowdsourcing at the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Social Science History Association, in Montreal in 2017. Each paper presents a different approach to using web-based interfaces to co-create historical data with a broad nonacademic audience. Scholars from across the historical sciences can use the lessons learned within this issue to guide development of their own public-facing data creation projects.
Year: 2019
Primary URL:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01615440.2019.1629720Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History
Understanding Cumulative Hazards in a Rustbelt City: Integrating GIS, Archaeology, and Spatial History (Article)Title: Understanding Cumulative Hazards in a Rustbelt City: Integrating GIS, Archaeology, and Spatial History
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: We combine the Historical Spatial Data Infrastructure (HSDI) concept developed within spatial history with elements of archaeological predictive modeling to demonstrate a novel GIS-based landscape model for identifying the persistence of historically-generated industrial hazards in postindustrial cities. This historical big data approach draws on over a century of both historical and modern spatial big data to project the presence of specific persistent historical hazards across a city. This research improves on previous attempts to understand the origins and persistence of historical pollution hazards, and our final model augments traditional archaeological approaches to site prospection and analysis. This study also demonstrates how models based on the historical record, such as the HSDI, complement existing approaches to identifying postindustrial sites that require remediation. Our approach links the work of archaeologists more closely to other researchers and to municipal decision makers, permitting closer cooperation between those involved in archaeology, heritage, urban redevelopment, and environmental sustainability activities in postindustrial cities.
Year: 2019
Primary URL:
https://www.mdpi.com/2413-8851/3/3/83Access Model: Open Access
Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Urban Science
Preface to special series: Postindustrial Landscapes, Communities, and Heritage: Special Series Introduction (Article)Title: Preface to special series: Postindustrial Landscapes, Communities, and Heritage: Special Series Introduction
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Herstad, Kaeleigh
Abstract: Archaeologists and heritage scholars increasingly find themselves addressing postindustrial contexts, where ongoing processes of depopulation, ruination, decay, social conflict, environmental damage, and economic stagnation are seen as defining features of the physical and social landscape (High, MacKinnon, and Perchard 2017; Mallach 2018). The unique challenges of working within postindustrial landscapes and in collaboration with the communities that live in and connect to them remain thinly explored and demand greater attention. Understanding the heritage-making process within postindustrial communities is crucial to developing broadly meaningful definitions of the heritage value of such places and must also extend beyond limited, linear narratives of industrial expansion and decline.
Year: 2019
Primary URL:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20518196.2019.1670394Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Journal of Community Archaeology & Heritage
Preserving the Vernacular Post Industrial Landscape: Big Data Geospatial Approaches to Heritage Management and Interpretation [PhD Dissertation] (Article)Title: Preserving the Vernacular Post Industrial Landscape: Big Data Geospatial Approaches to Heritage Management and Interpretation [PhD Dissertation]
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Abstract: This dissertation presents heritage management and interpretation strategies that
emphasize the historical, but now largely missing, spatial and temporal contexts of
today’s postindustrial landscape in Michigan’s Copper Country. A series of case studies
illustrates the demonstrated and potential value of using a big-data, longitudinally-linked
digital infrastructure, or Historical GIS (HGIS), known as the Copper Country Historical
Spatial Data Infrastructure (CC-HSDI), for heritage management and interpretation.
These studies support the public education and conservation goals of the communities in
this nationally-significant mining region through providing accessible, engaging, and
meaningful historical spatiotemporal context, and by helping to promote and encourage
the ongoing management and preservation of this ever-evolving postindustrial landscape.
Year: 2017
Primary URL:
https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1583&context=etdrFormat: Other
Periodical Title: Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech: Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Publisher: Michigan Technological University [PhD Dissertation]
The Archaeology of the PostIndustrial: Spatial Data Infrastructures for Studying the Past in the Present (Article)Title: The Archaeology of the PostIndustrial: Spatial Data Infrastructures for Studying the Past in the Present
Author: Trepal, Dan
Abstract: Postindustrial urban landscapes are large-scale, complex manifestations of the past in the present in the form of industrial ruins and archaeological sites, decaying infrastructure, and adaptive reuse; ongoing processes of postindustrial redevelopment often conspire to conceal the toxic consequences of long-term industrial activity. The study of the postindustrial is still new, and requires interdisciplinary connections that remain either unexplored or underexplored. Archaeologists have begun to turn their attention to the modern industrial era and beyond. This focus carries the potential to deliver new understandings of the industrial and postindustrial city, yet archaeological attention to the postindustrial remains in its infancy. Developments in the ongoing digital revolution in archaeology and within the social sciences and humanities have the potential to contribute to the archaeological study of the postindustrial city. The development of historical GIS and historical spatial data infrastructures (HSDIs) using historical big data have enabled scholars to study the past over large spatial and temporal scales and support qualitative research, while retaining a high level of detail. This dissertation demonstrates how spatial technologies using big data approaches, especially the HSDI, enhance the archaeological study of postindustrial urban landscapes and ultimately contribute to meeting the “grand challenge” of integrating digital approaches into archaeology by coupling reflexive recording of archaeological knowledge production with globally accessible spatial digital data infrastructures. HSDIs show great potential for providing archaeologists working in postindustrial places with a means to curate and manipulate historical data on an industrial or urban scale, and to iteratively contextualize this longitudinal dataset with material culture and other forms of archaeological knowledge.
Year: 2019
Primary URL:
https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/913/Format: Other
Periodical Title: Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech: Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
Publisher: Michigan Technological University [PhD Dissertation]
Heritage Making through Community Archaeology and the Spatial Humanities (Article)Title: Heritage Making through Community Archaeology and the Spatial Humanities
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: The archaeology of postindustrial landscapes is still relatively undeveloped. The impact of economic, social, and urban development efforts on both tangible and intangible heritage complicate our attempts to understand these places. Despite this, integrating heritage practice and promotion into the regeneration of a postindustrial landscape continues to grow in popularity. Within this context, genuine public-expert collaboration is the most effective means towards developing a sustainable compromise between protecting community heritage values and fostering economic development and regeneration. In this paper, we suggest three broad categories of challenges for studying and promoting heritage in postindustrial regions – physical, social, and political – and propose a digital data-focused geospatial approach to how community archaeologists and heritage specialists may overcome these challenges. We argue that coupling this data and technology with a robust research agenda and public programming can serve as a crucial two-way link, enabling long-term sustainable heritage-promotion and protection in post-industrial communities.
Year: 2019
Primary URL:
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/20518196.2019.1653516?journalCode=ycah20Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Journal of Community Archaeology & Heritage
Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures for Archaeology: Towards a Spatio-Temporal Big Data Approach to Studying the Postindustrial City [PhD Dissertation] (Article)Title: Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures for Archaeology: Towards a Spatio-Temporal Big Data Approach to Studying the Postindustrial City [PhD Dissertation]
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Gilliland, Jason
Abstract: While the use of GIS has become commonplace within the discipline of archaeology, the potential of GIS is yet to be fully exploited within historical archaeology.Archaeologists inspired by developments in the social sciences and humanities have
recently called for new ways of conceptualizing GIS as a process that is more theoretically satisfying and methodologically effective in its applications to archaeology. We respond to these calls by proposing a new approach for GIS in historical archaeology, a historical spatial data infrastructure (HSDI). We outline the progression from historical GIS to the construction of an HSDI and present a series of case studies that demonstrate how using a spatio-temporal big data-based approach expands our
scale of archaeological inquiry to studying the postindustrial city.
Year: 2020
Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Historical Archaeology [in press]
Historical GIS in Industrial Heritage Landscape Management and Interpretation (Article)Title: Historical GIS in Industrial Heritage Landscape Management and Interpretation
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Abstract: In this paper, we demonstrate the value of using a big-data, longitudinally-linked Historical GIS, or Historical Spatial Data Infrastructure (HSDI). The Copper Country HSDI (CC-HSDI) is an important regional infrastructure for managing and interpreting a significant postindustrial landscape overseen by Keweenaw National Historical Park. Due to their expansive spatial interconnectivity and evolutionary nature, industrial heritage landscapes are often incomprehensible from the perspective of any single location at any given point in time. Active public heritage interpretation strategies that emphasize the historic spatial and temporal contexts are central to cultivating deep and broad understandings. We have found that these important contexts can be communicated more clearly and to a wide audience using digitized historical maps and linked datasets accessible as the public-outreach arm of the project, the Keweenaw Time Traveler. This paper presents a series of case studies to illustrate its use in heritage management and interpretation.
Year: 2019
Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Heritage and Society [in Press]
Persistent Infrastructure: Vernacular Preservation of the Postindustrial Landscape (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Persistent Infrastructure: Vernacular Preservation of the Postindustrial Landscape
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/17/2016
Conference Name: Social Science History Association Annual Meeting
Passive Preservation: Vernacular Reuse of the Post-industrial Landscape (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Passive Preservation: Vernacular Reuse of the Post-industrial Landscape
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 5/11/16
Conference Name: Michigan Historical Preservation Network Conference
Creating a Longitudinal, Data-Driven 3D Model of Change Over Time in a Postindustrial Landscape using GIS and CityEngine (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Creating a Longitudinal, Data-Driven 3D Model of Change Over Time in a Postindustrial Landscape using GIS and CityEngine
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 8/28/2017
Conference Name: Digital Workflows for Heritage Conservation Symposium, International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Vernacular Preservation: Functional Evolution and the Living Postindustrial Landscape (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Vernacular Preservation: Functional Evolution and the Living Postindustrial Landscape
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 5/31/17
Conference Name: Vernacular Architecture Forum
Using GIS to Build Bridges With the Past (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Using GIS to Build Bridges With the Past
Author: Bleddynn, Michael
Abstract: N/A
Date: 3/27/19
Conference Name: National Council on Public History
Empowering Youth to Be a Voice in Neighborhood Change Through Geospatial Technologies (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Empowering Youth to Be a Voice in Neighborhood Change Through Geospatial Technologies
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Abstract: N/A
Date: 4/3/19
Conference Name: American Association of Geographers Annual Conference
Out of the Classroom and Into History: Mobile Historical GIS and Community-Engaged Teaching (Article)Title: Out of the Classroom and Into History: Mobile Historical GIS and Community-Engaged Teaching
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Abstract: Educators have long used historical maps and archival sources to engage students with changing relationships between people and their environments. We argue that historical geographical thinking can be fostered through the use of geospatial technologies and longitudinally linked historical spatial data to implement successful community-engaged teaching. We present three case studies that use different approaches: mobile historical GIS, Story Maps, and big data, each of which engage students with community members and municipalities to develop applied digital spatial history projects. Place-based service-learning of this type creates opportunities for immersive content acquisition and also promotes civic-minded students and town-gown collaboration.
Year: 2019
Primary URL:
http://www.societyforhistoryeducation.org/pdfs/N19_Scarlett_et_al.pdfFormat: Journal
Periodical Title: The History Teacher
Empowering Communities with Historical GIS: The Keweenaw Time Traveler Project (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Empowering Communities with Historical GIS: The Keweenaw Time Traveler Project
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Abstract: N/A
Date: 9/23/16
Conference Name: Midwest Historical Archaeology Conference
Empowering Heritage Preservation and GIS Education through Historical PPGIS (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Empowering Heritage Preservation and GIS Education through Historical PPGIS
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Pastel, Robert
Abstract: N/A
Date: 4/3/17
Conference Name: American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting
Using Public Participatory Historical GIS to Build A Spatial Data Infrastructure of Historical Landscapes and Environments (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Using Public Participatory Historical GIS to Build A Spatial Data Infrastructure of Historical Landscapes and Environments
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Pastel, Robert
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/2/17
Conference Name: Social Science History Association Annual Meeting
Mapping the Historic Environments of the Great Lakes Region (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Mapping the Historic Environments of the Great Lakes Region
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Williams, Ryan
Author: Lizzadro, Dan
Abstract: N/A
Date: 10/9/19
Conference Name: State of the Lake Superior Conference
Using Public Participatory Historical GIS to Build a Spatial Data Infrastructure of Historical Landscapes and Environments (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Using Public Participatory Historical GIS to Build a Spatial Data Infrastructure of Historical Landscapes and Environments
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Pastel, Robert
Abstract: N/A
Date: 4/3/19
Conference Name: American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting
HGIS 2.0- Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures: A Transdisciplinary Approach to Deep Mapping Industrial Heritage (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: HGIS 2.0- Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures: A Transdisciplinary Approach to Deep Mapping Industrial Heritage
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Pastel, Robert
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Abstract: N/A
Date: 6/1/19
Conference Name: The Geospatial Humanities Transdisciplinary Opportunities for the GIScience Community, University Consortium for Geographic Information Science
Mapping the Past to Inform the Future: GIS and 3D Modeling for Urban Watershed Management (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Mapping the Past to Inform the Future: GIS and 3D Modeling for Urban Watershed Management
Author: Oppliger, Emily
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Mayer, Alex
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/17/19
Conference Name: Social Science History Association Annual Meeting
Working Together: Developers and Project Leads (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Working Together: Developers and Project Leads
Author: Pastel, Robert
Abstract: N/A
Date: 5/17/17
Conference Name: Citizen Science Association Conference
Design Charrettes: A User Centered Design Process for Building Diverse Public Participation (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Design Charrettes: A User Centered Design Process for Building Diverse Public Participation
Author: Pastel, Robert
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Abstract: N/A
Date: 3/13/19
Conference Name: Citizen Science Association Conference
Keweenaw Time Traveler: A Collaborative Online Map within a Post-Industrial Community (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Keweenaw Time Traveler: A Collaborative Online Map within a Post-Industrial Community
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Arnold, John D.M
Abstract: N/A
Date: 10/19/16
Conference Name: Imagining America Gathering
Historical GIS and Public History: Engaging Today’s Communities with Yesterday’s Changing Places (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Historical GIS and Public History: Engaging Today’s Communities with Yesterday’s Changing Places
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Trepal, Dan
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/2/17
Conference Name: Social Science History Association Annual Meeting
Post-Industrial Placemaking: The Keweenaw Time Traveler and Community-Engaged Historical GIS (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Post-Industrial Placemaking: The Keweenaw Time Traveler and Community-Engaged Historical GIS
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Trepal, Dan
Abstract: N/A
Date: 1/3/18
Conference Name: Society for Historical Archaeology
Post-Industrial Repair Work: Community-Engaged Historical GIS and the Politics of Place (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Post-Industrial Repair Work: Community-Engaged Historical GIS and the Politics of Place
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Bleddynn, Michael
Author: Pastel, Robert
Abstract: N/A
Date: 3/28/19
Conference Name: National Council for Public History
Digital Spatial Technologies for Vernacular Architecture and Landscapes: The Keweenaw Time Traveler Project (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Digital Spatial Technologies for Vernacular Architecture and Landscapes: The Keweenaw Time Traveler Project
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Pastel, Robert
Author: Trepal, Dan
Abstract: N/A
Date: 6/1/19
Conference Name: Vernacular Architecture Forum
Building Alliances With or Despite the Buildings: Public History at Pullman, Illinois (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Building Alliances With or Despite the Buildings: Public History at Pullman, Illinois
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Rouleau, Laura
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/8/19
Conference Name: American Studies Association, Material Culture Caucus
Putting People in Places: a Semi-Automated Approach to Parsing and Geocoding City Directories (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Putting People in Places: a Semi-Automated Approach to Parsing and Geocoding City Directories
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Author: Pastel, Robert
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/21/19
Conference Name: Social Science History Association Annual Meeting
Exploring the Social and Built Determinants of Health of Children in Early Twentieth Century Calumet, MI (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Exploring the Social and Built Determinants of Health of Children in Early Twentieth Century Calumet, MI
Author: Stone, Tim
Abstract: N/A
Date: 4/3/19
Conference Name: American Association of Geographers Annual Conference
Social Determinants of Health and Disease Outbreak Patterns in Children in the Early 20th Century Industrial City (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Social Determinants of Health and Disease Outbreak Patterns in Children in the Early 20th Century Industrial City
Author: Stone, Tim
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/21/19
Conference Name: Social Science History Association Annual Meeting
HGIS 2.0: Spatial Data Infrastructures for Historical Inquiry and Outreach (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: HGIS 2.0: Spatial Data Infrastructures for Historical Inquiry and Outreach
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/2/17
Conference Name: Social Science History Association Annual Meeting
Postindustrial Places and Big Data: Exploiting the Potential of Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures for Archaeology (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Postindustrial Places and Big Data: Exploiting the Potential of Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures for Archaeology
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 1/3/18
Conference Name: Society for Historical Archaeology
Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures for Postindustrial Archaeology: The Copper Country HSDI (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures for Postindustrial Archaeology: The Copper Country HSDI
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Lafreinere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Pastel, Robert
Abstract: N/A
Date: 4/4/18
Conference Name: European Social Science History conference, Belfast, Northern Ireland
Digital Approaches to Community Archaeology: The Copper Country Spatial Data Infrastructure (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Digital Approaches to Community Archaeology: The Copper Country Spatial Data Infrastructure
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 10/19/18
Conference Name: Midwest Historical Archaeology Conference
Community Heritage-making through Spatial History (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Community Heritage-making through Spatial History
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/8/18
Conference Name: Social Science History Association Annual Meeting
“Using Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures as a Tool for Hazard Assessment in Urban Industrial Archaeology (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: “Using Historical Spatial Data Infrastructures as a Tool for Hazard Assessment in Urban Industrial Archaeology
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 4/3/19
Conference Name: American Association of Geographers Annual Conference
Understanding Cumulative Hazards in a Rustbelt City: Integrating GIS, Archaeology, and Spatial History (Conference Paper/Presentation)Title: Understanding Cumulative Hazards in a Rustbelt City: Integrating GIS, Archaeology, and Spatial History
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Abstract: N/A
Date: 11/21/19
Conference Name: Social Science History Association Annual Meeting
History on the Hill: Map Your History with the Keweenaw Time Traveler (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: History on the Hill: Map Your History with the Keweenaw Time Traveler
Abstract: N/A
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Trepal, Dan
Date: 7/13/17
Location: Quincy Mine Hoist Association
History on the Hill: Map Your History with the Keweenaw Time Traveler (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: History on the Hill: Map Your History with the Keweenaw Time Traveler
Abstract: N/A
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Bleddynn, Michael
Date: 8/2/18
Location: Quincy Mine Hoist Association
Map Your History! Building and Sharing a Historical Spatial Data Infrastructure with the Keweenaw Time Traveler Project (Blog Post)Title: Map Your History! Building and Sharing a Historical Spatial Data Infrastructure with the Keweenaw Time Traveler Project
Author: Trepal, Dan
Abstract: N/A
Date: 2/7/17
Primary URL:
http://geohist.ca/2017/02/map-your-history-keweenaw-time-traveler/Blog Title: Canadian Historical GIS Partnership Blog
Website: Canadian Historical GIS Partnership
Historical Business and City Directories (Blog Post)Title: Historical Business and City Directories
Author: Bleddynn, Michael
Abstract: This 3-part blog explores historical city directories, how they were incorporated into the Keweenaw Time traveler project, and their uses for end users.
Date: 9/1/19
Primary URL:
http://www.keweenawhistory.com/project-newsPrimary URL Description: Part 1/3
Secondary URL:
http://www.keweenawhistory.com/project-news/historical-business-and-city-directories-what-are-theySecondary URL Description: Part 2/3:
http://www.keweenawhistory.com/project-news/historical-directories-how-do-we-use-them
Part 3/3/:http://www.keweenawhistory.com/project-news/business-directories-what-can-they-tell-us
Blog Title: Project News
Website:
http://www.keweenawhistory.comFire Insurance Plans (Blog Post)Title: Fire Insurance Plans
Author: Bleddynn, Michael
Abstract: This blog discusses of the use of Sanborn Fire Insurance Plans in the Keweenaw Time Traveler Project.
Date: 8/1/19
Primary URL:
http://www.keweenawhistory.com/fire-insurance-plans.htmlBlog Title: Fire Insurance Plans
Website:
http://www.keweenawhistory.com/Copper Country Historical Spatial Data Infrastructure (Database/Archive/Digital Edition)Title: Copper Country Historical Spatial Data Infrastructure
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Pastel, Robert
Author: Spikberg, Garand
Abstract: N/A
Year: 2017
Primary URL:
http://www.keweenawhistory.com/about-the-project.htmlSecondary URL:
https://www.historicalgis.com/Keweenaw Time Traveler (Web Resource)Title: Keweenaw Time Traveler
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Pastel, Robert
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Bleddynn, Michael
Author: Spikberg, Garand
Abstract: An online interactive historical atlas for exploring the people and places of the Keweenaw Peninsula, sharing your own local knowledge, and connecting with others.
Year: 2017
Primary URL:
http://www.keweenawhistory.com/Design Charrette: Michigan Tech Grad Student Society (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Design Charrette: Michigan Tech Grad Student Society
Abstract: This event served as one in a series of public design charrettes that allowed us to take a public collaborative approach to designing the public web interface for the project. Observing public interactions with beta versions of our software allowed us to gain understanding of users’ needs and goals, and to iteratively develop and evaluate the designs . Each charrette included a process evaluation protocol consisting of close observation of charrette interactions, structured note-taking, and post-charrette debriefing sessions.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Date: 12/11/16
Location: Michigan Technological University Social Sciences Department, Rm AOB 201
Design Charrette: Portage Lake District Library #1 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Design Charrette: Portage Lake District Library #1
Abstract: This event served as one in a series of public design charrettes that allowed us to take a public collaborative approach to designing the public web interface for the project. Observing public interactions with beta versions of our software allowed us to gain understanding of users’ needs and goals, and to iteratively develop and evaluate the designs . Each charrette included a process evaluation protocol consisting of close observation of charrette interactions, structured note-taking, and post-charrette debriefing sessions.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Spikberg, Garand
Date: 2/25/17
Location: Portage Lake District Library, Houghton, MI
Design Charrette: Michigan Tech Social Sciences Brown Bag Series (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Design Charrette: Michigan Tech Social Sciences Brown Bag Series
Abstract: This event served as one in a series of public design charrettes that allowed us to take a public collaborative approach to designing the public web interface for the project. Observing public interactions with beta versions of our software allowed us to gain understanding of users’ needs and goals, and to iteratively develop and evaluate the designs . Each charrette included a process evaluation protocol consisting of close observation of charrette interactions, structured note-taking, and post-charrette debriefing sessions.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D. M.
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Date: 3/17/17
Location: Michigan Tech Social Sciences Department, Rm AOB 201, Houghton, MI
Design Charrette: Portage Lake District Library #2 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Design Charrette: Portage Lake District Library #2
Abstract: This event served as one in a series of public design charrettes that allowed us to take a public collaborative approach to designing the public web interface for the project. Observing public interactions with beta versions of our software allowed us to gain understanding of users’ needs and goals, and to iteratively develop and evaluate the designs . Each charrette included a process evaluation protocol consisting of close observation of charrette interactions, structured note-taking, and post-charrette debriefing sessions.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Spikberg, Garand
Date: 3/18/17
Location: Portage Lake District Library, Houghton, MI
Design Charrette: Friends of the Calumet Public Library (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Design Charrette: Friends of the Calumet Public Library
Abstract: This event served as one in a series of public design charrettes that allowed us to take a public collaborative approach to designing the public web interface for the project. Observing public interactions with beta versions of our software allowed us to gain understanding of users’ needs and goals, and to iteratively develop and evaluate the designs . Each charrette included a process evaluation protocol consisting of close observation of charrette interactions, structured note-taking, and post-charrette debriefing sessions.
Author: Scarlett, Sarah, Fayen
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Weidner, Luke
Date: 4/5/2017
Location: Calumet Public-School Library, Calumet, MI
Public Lecture: The Keweenaw Time Traveler [Lake Superior Celebration] (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Public Lecture: The Keweenaw Time Traveler [Lake Superior Celebration]
Abstract: Public Lecture introducing the Keweenaw Time Traveler project to event attendees.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah, Fayen
Date: 4/20/17
Location: Lake Superior Celebration, Great Lakes Research Center, Houghton, MI
Copper TRACES 2017 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Copper TRACES 2017
Abstract: The project team created an interactive curriculum to participate in the National Park Service Copper TRACES program using a prototype mobile version of the Keweenaw Time Traveler Interface. This is a multi-day event involving classroom activities in the fall and on-location interactive events in the spring.
Copper TRACES is a dynamic, partnership-based educational experience for 4th graders and equivalents that promotes appreciation for the resources of Keweenaw National Historical Park. Students partcipate in the program throughout the school year, beginning with a classroom visit in the fall, participating in educator-led activities from a traveling trunk, and attending a field trip to the park's Calumet Unit in May. Students from the western six counties of the Upper Peninsula are invited to participate.
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Author: Weidner, Luke
Date: 4/17/17
Location: Keweenaw National Historic Park Visitor Center, Calumet, MI
Michigan History Day 2017 Lecture: The Keweenaw Time Traveler (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Michigan History Day 2017 Lecture: The Keweenaw Time Traveler
Abstract: Lecture introducing the Keweenaw Time Traveler Project to event attendees.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Date: 5/27/17
Location: Michigan Tech Memorial Union Building, Houghton,MI
Staffed Event Booth: The Keweenaw Time Traveler [Bridgefest 2017] (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Staffed Event Booth: The Keweenaw Time Traveler [Bridgefest 2017]
Abstract: Project team members staffed a booth at this public event with tablets and touchscreen kiosks running the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface. Staff introduced visitors to the project and gave guided tours of the interface. Staff recorded visitor interactions through note-taking and added this data to the feedback generated through the design charrettes to aid in directing interface development.
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Author: Weidner, Luke
Date: 6/16/17
Location: Houghton Bridgefest, 19126 Houghton Canal Rd, Houghton, MI 49931
Keweenaw Time Traveler Public Launch Event (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Keweenaw Time Traveler Public Launch Event
Abstract: Public launch event for the Keweenaw Time Traveler public web interface. Staff introduced attendees to the project and gave guided tours of the interface. Staff recorded user interactions through note-taking and added this data to the feedback generated through the design charrettes to aid in directing interface development.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Arnold, John D.M.
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Author: Weidner, Luke
Date: 6/15/17
Location: Carnegie Museum of the Keweenaw 105 Huron Street Mail: 105 Huron Street Houghton, MI 49931
Staffed Event Booth: Main Street Calumet Pasty Fest 2017 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Staffed Event Booth: Main Street Calumet Pasty Fest 2017
Abstract: Project team members staffed a booth at this public event with tablets and touchscreen kiosks running the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface. Staff introduced visitors to the project and gave guided tours of the interface. Staff recorded visitor interactions through note-taking and added this data to the feedback generated through the design charrettes to aid in directing interface development.
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Author: Weidner, Luke
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Date: 6/24/17
Location: Calumet, MI
Staffed Event Booth: Strawberry Fest 2017 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Staffed Event Booth: Strawberry Fest 2017
Abstract: Project team members staffed a booth at this public event with tablets and touchscreen kiosks running the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface. Staff introduced visitors to the project and gave guided tours of the interface. Staff recorded visitor interactions through note-taking and added this data to the feedback generated through the design charrettes to aid in directing interface development.
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Author: Weidner, Luke
Author: Radson, James Benton
Date: 7/8/17
Location: Chassel, MI
Design Charrette: Keweenaw County Historical Society (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Design Charrette: Keweenaw County Historical Society
Abstract: This event served as one in a series of public design charrettes that allowed us to take a public collaborative approach to designing the public web interface for the project. Observing public interactions with beta versions of our software allowed us to gain understanding of users’ needs and goals, and to iteratively develop and evaluate the designs . Each charrette included a process evaluation protocol consisting of close observation of charrette interactions, structured note-taking, and post-charrette debriefing sessions.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Author: Radson, James Benton
Date: 7/14/17
Location: Eagle Harbor, MI
Keweenaw Time Traveler Scan-A-Thon #1 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Keweenaw Time Traveler Scan-A-Thon #1
Abstract: Project staff held a public "Scan-A-Thon" event. Advertised beforehand, the event encouraged attendees to bring historical materials such as photographs or postcards along with them. Staff scanned the items and returned them in digital for to attendees, encouraging attendees to upload the photos, along with their associated memories, into the the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface using the Keweenaw Time Travler's "Share a Story" function.
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Author: Radson, James Benton
Date: 7/19/17
Location: Keweenaw National Historic Park Calumet Visitor Center, Calumet, MI
Keweenaw Time Traveler Scan-A-Thon #2 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Keweenaw Time Traveler Scan-A-Thon #2
Abstract: Project staff held a public "Scan-A-Thon" event. Advertised beforehand, the event encouraged attendees to bring historical materials such as photographs or postcards along with them. Staff scanned the items and returned them in digital for to attendees, encouraging attendees to upload the photos, along with their associated memories, into the the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface using the Keweenaw Time Travler's "Share a Story" function.
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Author: Radson, James Benton
Date: 8/9/17
Location: Keweenaw National Historic Park Calumet Visitor Center, Calumet, MI
Keweenaw Time Traveler Scan-A-Thon #3 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Keweenaw Time Traveler Scan-A-Thon #3
Abstract: Project staff held a public "Scan-A-Thon" event. Advertised beforehand, the event encouraged attendees to bring historical materials such as photographs or postcards along with them. Staff scanned the items and returned them in digital for to attendees, encouraging attendees to upload the photos, along with their associated memories, into the the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface using the Keweenaw Time Travler's "Share a Story" function.
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Author: Radson, James Benton
Date: 8/23/17
Location: Keweenaw National Historic Park Visitor Center, Calumet, MI
Staffed Event Booth: Eagle Harbor Art Fair 2017 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Staffed Event Booth: Eagle Harbor Art Fair 2017
Abstract: Project team members staffed a booth at this public event with tablets and touchscreen kiosks running the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface. Staff introduced visitors to the project and gave guided tours of the interface. Staff recorded visitor interactions through note-taking and added this data to the feedback generated through the design charrettes to aid in directing interface development.
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Date: 8/14/17
Location: Eagle Harbor, MI
Citizen Science Public Lecture (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Citizen Science Public Lecture
Abstract: Public lecture explaining the ways the Keweenaw Time Traveler serves as an important conduit for citizen science.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Pastel, Robert
Date: 9/17/17
Location: Carnegie Museum of the Keweenaw, Houghton, MI
Design Charrette: The Bluffs Senior Community (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Design Charrette: The Bluffs Senior Community
Abstract: This event served as one in a series of public design charrettes that allowed us to take a public collaborative approach to designing the public web interface for the project. Observing public interactions with beta versions of our software allowed us to gain understanding of users’ needs and goals, and to iteratively develop and evaluate the designs . Each charrette included a process evaluation protocol consisting of close observation of charrette interactions, structured note-taking, and post-charrette debriefing sessions.
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Radson, James Benton
Date: 11/29/17
Location: The Bluffs Senior Community, Houghton, MI
Copper TRACES 2018 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Copper TRACES 2018
Abstract: The project team created an interactive curriculum to participate in the National Park Service Copper TRACES program using a prototype mobile version of the Keweenaw Time Traveler Interface. This is a multi-day event involving classroom activities in the fall and on-location interactive events in the spring.
Copper TRACES is a dynamic, partnership-based educational experience for 4th graders and equivalents that promotes appreciation for the resources of Keweenaw National Historical Park. Students partcipate in the program throughout the school year, beginning with a classroom visit in the fall, participating in educator-led activities from a traveling trunk, and attending a field trip to the park's Calumet Unit in May. Students from the western six counties of the Upper Peninsula are invited to participate.
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Author: Laemmrich, Nick
Date: 5/18/18
Location: Keweenaw National Historic Park Visitor Center, Calumet, MI
Michigan Tech Alumni I Weekend 2018 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Michigan Tech Alumni I Weekend 2018
Abstract: Research Associates from the Human Environments Spatial Analytics Lab and the Keweenaw Time Traveler project worked this weekend with Dr. Tim Scarlett (MTU Social Sciences) and others at the Quincy Smelter Works to highlight for MTU Alumni how we use remote sensing and GIS to support the preservation and interpretation of industrial heritage sites.
Author: Lafreniere, Don
Author: Spikberg, Gary
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Williams, Ryan
Date: 8/4/18
Location: Quincy Smelter Works, Ripley, MI
Staffed Event Booth: Main Street Calumet Pasty Fest 2018 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Staffed Event Booth: Main Street Calumet Pasty Fest 2018
Abstract: Project team members staffed a booth at this public event with tablets and touchscreen kiosks running the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface. Staff introduced visitors to the project and gave guided tours of the interface. Staff recorded visitor interactions through note-taking and added this data to the feedback generated through the design charrettes to aid in directing interface development.
Author: Scarlett, Sarah Fayen
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Date: 8/14/18
Location: Calumet, MI
Staffed Event Booth: Copper Country War Relief Bazaar [World War One Remembered] (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Staffed Event Booth: Copper Country War Relief Bazaar [World War One Remembered]
Abstract: Project team members staffed a booth at this public event with tablets and touchscreen kiosks running the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface. Staff introduced visitors to the project and gave guided tours of the interface. Staff recorded visitor interactions through note-taking and added this data to the feedback generated through the design charrettes to aid in directing interface development.
Author: Trepal, Dan
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Date: 10/29/18
Location: The Dee Stadium, Houghton, MI
Staffed Event Booth: University First Friday Social (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Staffed Event Booth: University First Friday Social
Abstract: Project team members staffed a booth at this public event with tablets and touchscreen kiosks running the Keweenaw Time Traveler web interface. Staff introduced visitors to the project and gave guided tours of the interface. Staff recorded visitor interactions through note-taking and added this data to the feedback generated through the design charrettes to aid in directing interface development.
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Date: 2/7/19
Location: Michigan Tech Social Sciences Department, AOB Rm 201, Houghton, MI
Copper TRACES 2019 (Public Lecture or Presentation)Title: Copper TRACES 2019
Abstract: The project team created an interactive curriculum to participate in the National Park Service Copper TRACES program using a prototype mobile version of the Keweenaw Time Traveler Interface. This is a multi-day event involving classroom activities in the fall and on-location interactive events in the spring.
Copper TRACES is a dynamic, partnership-based educational experience for 4th graders and equivalents that promotes appreciation for the resources of Keweenaw National Historical Park. Students partcipate in the program throughout the school year, beginning with a classroom visit in the fall, participating in educator-led activities from a traveling trunk, and attending a field trip to the park's Calumet Unit in May. Students from the western six counties of the Upper Peninsula are invited to participate.
Author: Bleddyn, Michael
Author: Hildebrandt, Rose
Author: Laemmrich, Nick
Date: 5/17/19
Location: Keweenaw National Historic Park Vistor Center, Calumet, MI