Program

Research Programs: Fellowships for University Teachers

Period of Performance

1/1/2008 - 12/31/2008

Funding Totals

$40,000.00 (approved)
$40,000.00 (awarded)


An Alpine Miner in the Old World and the New: Transatlantic Lives of Thomas Geschwandel, 1693-1761

FAIN: FA-52858-07

James Van Horn Melton
Emory University (Atlanta, GA 30322-1018)

Thomas Geschwandel (1693-1761), one of 20,000 Salzburg Protestants driven from their homeland in the 1730s, began life in a remote alpine valley and ended it in the Georgia lowcountry. His odyssey illuminates questions of interest to European and colonial historians alike. How had a clandestine religious minority managed to survive two centuries of efforts to “re-confessionalize” it? What led some exiles to seek refuge across the Atlantic when other options were available in Europe? Once in the New World, how did a previously isolated alpine folk react to the rapidly expanding institution of slavery? What attitudes toward race did they import from their homeland, and how do these views help explain their opposition to slavery?





Associated Products

Religion, Community, and Slavery on the Colonial Southern Frontier (Book)
Title: Religion, Community, and Slavery on the Colonial Southern Frontier
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: This book tells the story of Ebenezer, a frontier community in colonial Georgia founded by a mountain community fleeing religious persecution in its native Salzburg. This study traces the lives of the settlers from the alpine world they left behind to their struggle for survival on the southern frontier of British America. Exploring their encounters with African and indigenous peoples with whom they had had no previous contact, this book examines their initial opposition to slavery and why they ultimately embraced it. Transatlantic in scope, this study will interest readers of European and American history alike.
Year: 2015
Primary URL: http://www.cambridge.org/at/academic/subjects/history/colonial-american-history/religion-community-and-slavery-colonial-southern-frontier?format=HB
Primary URL Description: Cambridge University Press website
Access Model: Subscription only
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Type: Single author monograph
ISBN: 978-1107063280
Copy sent to NEH?: No

Pietism in Germany and North America, 1680-1820 (Book)
Title: Pietism in Germany and North America, 1680-1820
Editor: James Van Horn Melton
Editor: Hartmut Lehmann
Editor: Jonathan Strom
Abstract: This collection explores different approaches to contextualizing and conceptualizing the history of Pietism, particularly Pietistic groups who migrated from central Europe to the British colonies in North America during the long eighteenth century. Emerging in German speaking lands during the seventeenth century, Pietism was closely related to Puritanism, sharing similar evangelical and heterogeneous characteristics. Dissatisfied with the established Lutheran and Reformed Churches, Pietists sought to revivify Christianity through godly living, biblical devotion, millennialism and the establishment of new forms of religious association. As Pietism represents a diverse set of impulses rather than a centrally organized movement, there were inevitably fundamental differences amongst Pietist groups, and these differences - and conflicts - were carried with those that emigrated to the New World. The importance of Pietism in shaping Protestant society and culture in Europe and North America has long been recognized, but as a topic of scholarly inquiry, it has until now received little interdisciplinary attention. Offering essays by leading scholars from a range of fields, this volume provides an interdisciplinary overview of the subject. Beginning with discussions about the definition of Pietism, the collection next looks at the social, political and cultural dimensions of Pietism in German-speaking Europe. This is then followed by a section investigating the attempts by German Pietists to establish new, religiously-based communities in North America. The collection concludes with discussions on new directions in Pietist research. Together these essays help situate Pietism in the broader Atlantic context, making an important contribution to understanding religious life in Europe and colonial North America during the eighteenth century.
Year: 2009
Primary URL: http://http://www.brill.com/pietism-and-community-europe-and-north-america-1650-1850
Primary URL Description: Ashgate Publishers
Access Model: Subscription only
Publisher: Ashgate
Type: Edited Volume
ISBN: 978-9004193550
Copy sent to NEH?: No

The Pastor and the Schoolmaster: Language, Dissent, and the Struggle over Slavery in Colonial Ebenezer (Book Section)
Title: The Pastor and the Schoolmaster: Language, Dissent, and the Struggle over Slavery in Colonial Ebenezer
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: This article examines factional struggles within colonial Ebenezer, a German-speaking settlement in the Georgia colony founded in 1734. It explores efforts by the community's leader, Johann Martin Boltzius, to limit instruction in English as a means of avoiding contact with English-speaking, proslavery settlers outside the community.
Year: 2010
Primary URL: http://www.brill.com/pietism-and-community-europe-and-north-america-1650-1850
Primary URL Description: Brill Publishers
Access Model: Subscription only
Publisher: Ashgate
Book Title: Pietism and Community in Europe and North America, 1650-1850
ISBN: 978-9004193550

From Alpine Miner to Lowcountry Yeoman: Transatlantic Worlds of a Georgia Salzburger, 1693-1761 (Article)
Title: From Alpine Miner to Lowcountry Yeoman: Transatlantic Worlds of a Georgia Salzburger, 1693-1761
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: This article traces the transatlantic lives of Thomas Geschwandel, one of the roughly 150 Protestant refugees expelled from the archibishopric of Salzburg, from his expulsion in 1734 to his death on Georgia's colonial frontier in 1761.
Year: 2008
Primary URL: http://past.oxfordjournals.org
Primary URL Description: Journal website
Access Model: Subscription only
Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Past and Present
Publisher: Oxford University Press

Pietism, Print Culture, and Salzburg Protestantism on the Eve of Expulsion (Book Section)
Title: Pietism, Print Culture, and Salzburg Protestantism on the Eve of Expulsion
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: Based on extensive research in Salzburg archives, this article assesses the impact of Pietist devotional works on the print culture of a remote valley in eighteenth-century alpine Salzburg.
Year: 2009
Primary URL: http://www.brill.com/pietism-and-community-europe-and-north-america-1650-1850
Primary URL Description: Ashgate Publishing
Access Model: Subscription only
Publisher: Ashgate
Book Title: Pietism in Germany and North America, 1680-1820
ISBN: 978-9004186361

Germans in Colonial British America: New Perspectives (Conference Paper/Presentation)
Title: Germans in Colonial British America: New Perspectives
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: An assessment of recent literature on German migration to British America in the eighteenth century.
Date: 4/2/2016
Conference Name: Invited lecture at the Center for Early Modern History, University of Minnesota Twin-Cities

Religion, Community, and Slavery on the Colonial Southern Frontier (Conference/Institute/Seminar)
Title: Religion, Community, and Slavery on the Colonial Southern Frontier
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: Invited lecture on my 2016 book by the same title
Date Range: 4/6/2016
Location: Department of History, University of Minnesota Twin-Cities

The Reconversion of Johann Martin Boltzius: Pietism and Slavery on the Southern Colonial Frontier (Conference Paper/Presentation)
Title: The Reconversion of Johann Martin Boltzius: Pietism and Slavery on the Southern Colonial Frontier
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: Focuses on Johann Martin Boltzius, head of the German-speaking community of Ebenezer in colonial Georgia, and how his ideas on slavery evolved between his arrival in the colony (1734) and his death (1765).
Date: 10/15/2016
Conference Name: German Studies Association

Schaffe, schaffe, Siedlung baue: Zur deutschsprachigen Migration nach Nordamerika im 18. Jahrhundert (Conference/Institute/Seminar)
Title: Schaffe, schaffe, Siedlung baue: Zur deutschsprachigen Migration nach Nordamerika im 18. Jahrhundert
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: Examines why German-speaking emigrants to British America were economically successful in the New World.
Date Range: 9 July 2015
Location: Lehrstuehl fuer Europaeische Ethnologie und Volkskunde, Universitaet Augsburg

Governing a Colonial Pietist Utopia: The Case of Ebenezer (Conference Paper/Presentation)
Title: Governing a Colonial Pietist Utopia: The Case of Ebenezer
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: Examines the Salzburg settlement in the Georgia Colony, 1734-65, and how the frontier settlement was governed by its Pietist leader, Johann Martin Boltzius.
Date: 3/12/2012
Conference Name: Southeast German Studies Workshop, University of Tennessee

Encounters on a Colonial Frontier: Africans, Indians, and the Georgia Salzburgers, 1734-65 (Conference Paper/Presentation)
Title: Encounters on a Colonial Frontier: Africans, Indians, and the Georgia Salzburgers, 1734-65
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: Focusing on the Salzburger settlement in Ebernezer, Georgia, examines colonial encounters between Europeans, Indians, and enslaved Africans.
Date: 7/3/2011
Conference Name: Southeastern German Studies Workshop, Georgia State University

Europeans in the Early Modern Atlantic World (Course or Curricular Material)
Title: Europeans in the Early Modern Atlantic World
Author: James Van Horn Melton
Abstract: This seminar focuses on aspects of European transatlantic migration and settlement from the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries. It attempts to integrate narratives of origin and settlement by exploring, on the one hand, circumstances the various motives that led Europeans to leave their native lands and forge new lives in an alien environment, and on the other, how their social, cultural, and political experiences in the “Old World” shaped their encounter with the “New.” Special attention is devoted to themes that have animated work in the field of Atlantic history, including transatlantic migration, encounters between European and non-European peoples, the environmental and epidemiological impact of European settlement, religious dimensions of European expansion, the rise of slavery, and the Atlantic revolutions of the later eighteenth century.
Year: 2012
Audience: Graduate