Program

Research Programs: Fellowships for University Teachers

Period of Performance

1/1/2011 - 6/30/2011

Funding Totals

$25,200.00 (approved)
$25,200.00 (awarded)


The Aesthetics of Reaction: Tradition, Identity and the Visual Arts in France, 1900-1914

FAIN: FA-55937-11

Neil Finlay McWilliam
Duke University (Durham, NC 27705-4677)

This study examines the impact of conservative politics and cultural commentary on the visual arts in France before World War One. Exploring critical and historical writing, as well as the ideas and output of painters and sculptors during the period, it re-frames debates around modernity, national identity, and the role of tradition to offer a new reading of the issues at stake in artistic innovation--and resistance to it--during a period of resurgent nationalism in France. Drawing on wide-ranging analysis of right-wing journals and reviews, as well as archival material, the study focuses on artists and intellectuals close to the royalist movement Action française, as well as nationalist republicans and conservative Catholics. It examines artists' response to traditionalist ideas and analyzes the theoretical importance of cultural critique in the formulation of reactionary thought around 1900.





Associated Products

Emile Bernard: Les Lettres d’un artiste, 1884-1941 (Book)
Title: Emile Bernard: Les Lettres d’un artiste, 1884-1941
Editor: Neil McWilliam
Abstract: The selected correspondence of French painter, poet and critic Émile Bernard (1884-1941)
Year: 2012
Primary URL: https://www.worldcat.org/title/emile-bernard-les-lettres-dun-artiste-1884-1941/oclc/798389801&referer=brief_results
Primary URL Description: Worldcat
Access Model: Open access
Publisher: Les Presses du réel
Type: Edited Volume
ISBN: 978-2-84066-49
Copy sent to NEH?: No

The Aesthetics of Reaction: Tradition, Faith, Identity and the Visual Arts in France, c. 1900-1914 (Book)
Title: The Aesthetics of Reaction: Tradition, Faith, Identity and the Visual Arts in France, c. 1900-1914
Author: Neil McWilliam
Abstract: This study focuses on anti-modernist artists, critics and political theorists in Belle Époque France hostile to secular democracy and its allegedly decadent culture of individualism. It examines their reassertion of social and artistic values which, they claimed, had been distorted and repressed by the 1789 revolution. Exploring the cultural implications of the Catholic revival, the impact of the royalist movement Action française and nationalist calls for a 'Renaissance française', it challenges previous assessments of nationalists' artistic agenda and recasts ways of thinking about classicism and the notion of a 'return to order' in pre- and post-war French cultural discourse. The book offers the first comprehensive overview of nationalism's impact on pre-war French art, which it complements with synthetic studies of three figures affected by these political and artistic debates: the painters Maurice Denis (Catholic revival) and Emile Bernard ('Renaissance francaise), as well as the critic Joachim Gasquet (Action française). In such a way, the book goes beyond previous accounts to highlight contradictions and complexities in pre-war artistic discourse that enrich our understanding of the ideological stakes involved in clashes over modernity, tradition and identity in pre-war France.
Year: 2021
Primary URL: hthttps://www.worldcat.org/title/aesthetics-of-reaction-tradition-faith-identity-the-visual-arts-in-france-1900-1914/oclc/1268210783&referer=brief_results
Primary URL Description: Worldcat
Secondary URL: http://www.brepols.net/Pages/ShowProduct.aspx?prod_id=IS-9782503591575-1
Secondary URL Description: Brepols website
Access Model: Open access
Publisher: Brepols
Type: Single author monograph
ISBN: 978-2-503-5915
Copy sent to NEH?: No

L’esthétique de la reaction. Tradition, foi, identité et l’art français (1900-1914) (Book)
Title: L’esthétique de la reaction. Tradition, foi, identité et l’art français (1900-1914)
Author: Neil McWilliam
Abstract: Coinciding with the explosive challenge to established forms and subject matter in the visual arts promoted by avant-garde circles in Paris, conservatives attempted to reassert values ostensibly rooted in the character and culturalgenealogy of the French nation. This anti-modernist reaction was promoted by nationalist critics and political theorists who sought to salvage French culture as part of a broader project that challenged liberal democratic institutions put in place under the Third Republic. Neil McWilliam's study analyses the various fronts on which this attempted cultural counter-revolution was pursued—from art production and art criticism to the ways in which different histories produced during the period attempted to define what was distinctively French about the nation's art, from the middle ages to the modern period.
Year: 2021
Primary URL: https://www.worldcat.org/title/esthtique-de-la-raction-tradition-foi-identit-et-lart-franais-199-1914/oclc/1236030660&referer=brief_results
Primary URL Description: Worldcat
Secondary URL: https://www.lespressesdureel.com/EN/ouvrage.php?id=3569&menu=0
Secondary URL Description: Presses du réel website
Access Model: Open access
Publisher: Les Presses du réel
Type: Single author monograph
ISBN: 978-2-84066-61
Translator: Françoise Jaouen
Copy sent to NEH?: No

L’Art social en France de la Révolution à la Grande Guerre. Une Anthologie de textes primaires (Database/Archive/Digital Edition)
Title: L’Art social en France de la Révolution à la Grande Guerre. Une Anthologie de textes primaires
Author: Catherine Meneux
Author: Neil McWilliam
Author: Julie Ramos
Abstract: From the Revolution to the Great War, this website brings together critical discourses around "social art", their ideological origins & tensions, together with the history of the idea and its role in artistic practice. Each historical text is accompanied by an explanatory introduction.
Year: 2014
Primary URL: https://books.openedition.org/inha/4825
Primary URL Description: OpenEdition Book
Secondary URL: https://www.worldcat.org/title/lart-social-de-la-revolution-a-la-grande-guerre-anthologie-de-textes-sources/oclc/1193021715&referer=brief_results
Secondary URL Description: Worldcat
Access Model: Open access

L'art social en France de la Grande Guerre à la Révolution (Book)
Title: L'art social en France de la Grande Guerre à la Révolution
Author: Julie Ramos
Author: Neil McWilliam
Author: Catherine Meneux
Abstract: From the Revolution to the Great War, this essay collection examines discourses around "social art", their ideological origins & tensions, together with the history of the idea and the role it played in artistic production.
Year: 2014
Primary URL: https://www.pur-editions.fr/product/8678/l-art-social-en-france
Primary URL Description: Presses universitaires de Rennes website
Secondary URL: https://www.worldcat.org/title/art-social-en-france-de-la-revolution-a-la-grande-guerre-actes-du-colloque-de-paris-institut-national-dhistoire-de-lart-16-17-juin-2011/oclc/930811907&referer=brief_results
Secondary URL Description: Worldcat
Access Model: Open access
Publisher: Presses universitaires de Rennes
ISBN: 9782753528918
Copy sent to NEH?: No

Emile Bernard. Au-delà de Pont-Aven (Catalog)
Title: Emile Bernard. Au-delà de Pont-Aven
Author: Bogomila Welsh-Ovcharov
Author: Neil McWilliam
Author: Laura Karp-Lugo
Abstract: An exhibition of the art & writings of Emile Bernard, focusing on his later career.
Year: 2012
Primary URL: https://books.openedition.org/inha/4762
Primary URL Description: OpenEdition on-line version of print publication
Secondary URL: https://www.worldcat.org/title/emile-bernard-au-dela-de-pont-aven/oclc/8436676816&referer=brief_results
Secondary URL Description: Worldcat
Catalog Type: Exhibition Catalog
Publisher: INHA

Towards a New French Renaissance: Memory, Tradition and Cultural Conservatism in France before the First World War (Article)
Title: Towards a New French Renaissance: Memory, Tradition and Cultural Conservatism in France before the First World War
Author: Neil McWilliam
Abstract: Conflicts over cultural memory represent a significant stake in definitions of Frenchness advanced by opposing nationalist groups in the years before the First World War. The concept of a new ‘renaissance française’, broached by conservative critics and historians of art and literature often at odds with prevailing democratic republicanism, looked to the past to fashion a programme of renewal that challenged both the artistic vanguard and royalists’ advocacy of a Latinist classicism. This essay maps the social and cultural forces that shaped critics’ promotion of a new generation of artists credited with reinvigorating an indigenous tradition rooted in the Gothic and in a vernacular classicism associated with figures such as the Le Nains and Chardin. This loose grouping sought to reassert France’s cultural leadership in Europe under the aegis of a creative elite committed to the synthesis of the nation’s exceptional qualities embedded in its diverse, though complementary, artistic traditions.
Year: 2017
Primary URL: https://web.p.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=3&sid=086f3fb7-61e9-4edc-bd78-5367936972b1%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=124751543&db=a9h
Primary URL Description: EBSCO on-line site
Access Model: Subscription only
Format: Journal
Periodical Title: Art History
Publisher: Wiley publishers

Traditional Views: Conservative Ideologies & Landscape Aesthetics in France around 1900 (Book Section)
Title: Traditional Views: Conservative Ideologies & Landscape Aesthetics in France around 1900
Author: Neil McWilliam
Editor: Andrew Hemingway
Editor: Malcolm Baker
Abstract: A discussion of the ways in which conservative ideologies shaped attitudes towards nature in ways that were mobilized in French garden design in the decades before World War One
Year: 2018
Primary URL: https://www.worldcat.org/title/art-as-worldmaking-critical-essays-on-realism-and-naturalism/oclc/1117751232&referer=brief_results
Primary URL Description: Worldcat
Secondary URL: https://manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk/9781526114907/art-as-worldmaking/
Secondary URL Description: MUP website
Access Model: Open access
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Book Title: Art as Worldmaking. Critical Essays on Realism & Naturalism
ISBN: 9781526114907